Huckleberries grow low to the ground in the mountains they are similar to blueberries but are smaller and more tasty. When Columbus landed in the Americas, he discovered people tending cornfields 18 miles long.
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Indians also showed them how to grow beans, squash, and pumpkins. The Europeans had never seen or tasted corn, potatoes, tomatoes, or melons - all grown in Indian gardens. When Europeans came to the New World, they found the Indians eating unusual foods. They hunted game and gathered a variety of different foods, including huckleberries and camas roots. Villages of numerous pithouses grew up along the rivers, and small family groups made seasonal foraging trips throughout the Blue Mountains and the Wallowas. Salmon once again became a focal point of local resources and economies. Later in time, approximately 2,500 years ago, environmental conditions and the regional climate shifted and became more like those of today. This period ranged from 2,500 to 4,200 years ago. Because of this, more Indians than at any other time lived in the Blue Mountains. Wallowa Lake, in the heart of the Nez Perce homeland, was created by glaciation the Wallowa Mountains were carved by nine major glaciers during the last two million years.įlooding and erosion over the years changed the availability of river resources in the lower lands, and much of the hunting and food gathering activity of the Nez Perce and other tribes moved to the upland country. Some 3,500 years ago, the climate in this region was more moist and cool than at perhaps any other time since the Ice Age. People found different ways to do these things, depending on what their homeland(s) offered.įor the Nez Perce in the Blue Mountains region of what is now eastern Washington and eastern Oregon, hunting and fishing and gathering were important traditional activities. Food had to be prepared for storage and cooked. Treasures, tools and toys had to be carefully stored. Long ago, Indian families had everyday lives much like we do today.
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